Date of Completion

2025

Document Type

Research Project

Degree Name

Grade 12

Keywords

Aloe vera, biodegradable plastic, biopolymer film, green mussel, Perna viridis

Abstract

Plastic pollution is a pressing global issue that threatens both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Approximately 80% of marine plastic pollution comes from land-based waste, with 216,902 tons of Perna viridis shells contributing through disposal at sea or in landfills. However, the potential of chitosan from Perna viridis shells, especially when combined with Aloe vera gel for bioplastic production, remains underexplored, as most studies have focused only on waste management approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the tensile properties and biodegradation of bioplastic films made from varying concentrations of Perna viridis chitosan and Aloe vera gel. Bioplastic films were prepared through material collection, authentication, preparation, chitosan and gel extraction, and fabrication. Results confirmed that a higher content of Aloe vera gel relative to Perna viridis chitosan improved the bioplastic’s tensile strength, tensile stress, and elongation at break, while moderate chitosan levels enhanced biodegradation and flexibility, indicating interactions between components that strengthen the bioplastic’s mechanical properties and biodegradability. Overall, this study supports the potential use of Perna viridis shells and Aloe vera gel as a sustainable source of bioplastic production. Future research is recommended to improve preparation, extraction accuracy, and consistency in producing high-quality bioplastics.

First Advisor

Ramgie M. Bartolata, LPT

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