Direct selling of nootropic drugs in an e-commerce platform in the Philippines : status and regulatory issues
Date of Completion
2021
Document Type
Thesis
Degree Name
Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy
Keywords
Nootropic Agents, Direct Selling, Electronic Commerce
Abstract
This study applied data mining methods, such as classification and clustering. The search terms and other terms associated with nootropics were collected from Shopee website and Google. The nootropics found in Shopee were initially filtered using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and classified according to the name of the seller and pertinent product information. Subsequently, duplicated items (same product and seller were eliminated, and then, data validation was done while excluding ineligible data. The data were reviewed independently before the characterization based on product category (over-the-counter drug, prescription drug, or food supplement, country or region of origin, popularity (numbers of ratings, reviews, and products sold), and FDA registration based on Philippine FDA Verification Portal and Indonesian BADAN-POM database. The final data were filtered again using the eligibility criteria. Lastly, the data were sorted and arranged into graphs and tables for the analysis. The study showed that unregistered drugs containing controlled substances were available and highly accessible in Shopee. This manifests the lack of regulatory compliance among online sellers, as well s the e-commerce platform. Hence, it is imperative to review current direct-to-consumer policies and strengthen digital surveillance of the online pharmaceutical marketplace.
First Advisor
Sigfredo B. Mata, RPh
APA Citation
Gumapac, G. K., Miranda, J., & Nacar, B. (2021). Direct selling of nootropic drugs in an e-commerce platform in the Philippines : status and regulatory issues. [Bachelor's thesis, De La Salle Medical and Health Sciences Institute]. GreenPrints. https://greenprints.dlshsi.edu.ph/bsp/41/