Clinical profile of Steven Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis induced by anti epileptic drugs : a ten years study

Publication Date

2015

Document Type

Research

Abstract

This study is to identify the epedemiological features of AED-induced SJS/TEN. A total 63 cases, 53 were SJS patients. The most common eitology drug induced SJS/TEN are allopurinol, antibiotics, and AED. Among the AED, carbamazepine was most common, followed by phenytoin and phenobarbital. Adult and pediatric age ratio was 6:1, and 64.28% were male patients. Carbamazepine was the most AED induced SJS/TEN in adult. In the other hand, in pediatric age group, phenobarbital was the most common AED etiology. The mean duration of drug intake was 21 days, with clinical manifestation were decrease of appetite, fever and pruritus, myalgia/arthralgia and body weakness, followed by flue like symptoms. The most common skin involved were; face, lips, anal area and the least are leg area. All patients were improved and discharged well, with mean length of hospital stay was 5-6 days. Anti-epileptic drugs remain as one of the most common cause of SJS/TEN. Among these, carbamaze-induced SJS/TEN has the highest incidence. SJS/TEN secondary to AED is an unpredictable event. Hence, judicious use of anti-epileptic medication is warranted and perhaps, if resources will allow, all patients are advised to have HLA-B1502 assay prior to intake AEDs.

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