Date of Completion

2025

Document Type

Research Project

Degree Name

Grade 12

Keywords

heavy metal contamination, copper, lead, Ipomoea aquatica, water spinach, wet market, food safety

Abstract

Ipomoea aquatica, valued for its nutritional and medicinal properties, thrives in tropical and subtropical regions; however, urbanization and environmental neglect have turned these freshwater bodies into dumping grounds for a variety of pollutants, including heavy metals. This study aimed to examine the presence of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) in Ipomoea aquatica (water spinach) purchased from wet markets in the cities of Imus and Dasmariñas, Cavite. An experimental approach was employed to identify the levels of heavy metal contamination in the plant parts samples of Ipomoea aquatica bought from the selected wet markets. Using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, separate samples of leaves, primary stems, and secondary stems were analyzed by OSTREA Mineral Laboratories Inc. in Mamplasan, Biñan, Laguna. The results showed lead below the detectable threshold (< 0.10 mg/kg) in all plant parts. While copper concentrations were detected in all samples, with the highest concentration in the primary stem samples from Imus (21.26 mg/kg) and the lowest in the secondary stem samples from the same source (2.71 mg/kg). Respectively, copper concentrations in all samples were within the World Health Organization’s standard permissible limit of 40 mg/kg. These findings suggested that both lead and copper contamination remain nonhazardous to consumer health. The study highlighted the need for regular monitoring of commonly consumed vegetables and provides insights that support consumer awareness and public health discussions.

First Advisor

Vivian B. Ramirez, LPT, MSc

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