Date of Completion

2024

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry

Keywords

Canarium ovatum, type 2 diabetes, α-glucosidase inhibition, assay, phytochemical screening

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is considered one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Numerous researchers have focused on developing more practical and effective medications. One potential approach to manage diabetes is the inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme, found in the small intestine, through competitive inhibition. Canarium ovatum, locally known as “pili”, is a native fruit of Daet, Camarines Norte, Bicol known for its nut. The pulp of this fruit has shown signs of antidiabetic properties in previous research and was targeted in this study. The inhibitory activities and phytochemical components of Canarium ovatum pulp fractions were determined. Extraction was done using ethanol, yielding a 6.659% recovered crude extract. Fractions were subsequently collected from the crude extract by performing vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) using different solvents with increasing polarity from hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The obtained fractions were subjected to phytochemical screening to determine their qualitative compositions of secondary metabolites. Phytochemical screening detected the presence of flavonoids, tannins and phenols, glycosides and alkaloids in chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions, while saponins only tested positive in methanol fraction. The chloroform and methanol underwent α-glucosidase inhibitory assay to check for their inhibitory activity towards the enzyme. The αglucosidase inhibitory assay showed IC50 values of 0.2592 ± 0.00806 and 0.2497 ± 0.00021 for the chloroform and methanol fractions, respectively, compared to an IC50 of 0.20055 ± 0.00389 for acarbose, a standard inhibitor. Methanol fraction exhibited the highest inhibitory activity, and its phytochemical screening suggested the presence of saponins.

First Advisor

Justin Daryl S. Mateo

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