Date of Completion

2025

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Bachelor of Science in Nursing

Keywords

Integrated nursing models, functional decline, nursing care models

Abstract

This systematic review investigated the effectiveness of integrated nursing models of care in reducing functional decline among older adults. Functional decline, which is characterized by a decrease in the ability to perform activities of daily living, is a prevalent concern in aging populations and poses significant implications for health systems. The study specifically aimed to identify nursing care models, assess their effectiveness, explore implementation barriers, and describe the levels of functional decline based on synthesized evidence.  systematic search was conducted using five electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, CINAHL, and ProQuest. The search strategy followed the PICO framework and included studies involving adults aged 60 and above experiencing functional decline. Inclusion criteria consisted of peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental, and observational studies. From 12,000 results, five studies met the inclusion criteria after screening and quality assessment using JBI and ROBINS-E tools. The findings revealed that nursing models such as mobility enhancement programs, structured self-care education, cognitive therapies like music therapy, nursing-led hospital care, and integrated interdisciplinary models in nursing homes were effective in improving mobility, cognitive function, emotional well-being, and overall care outcomes. Compared to standard care, these models showed greater effectiveness in reducing the progression of functional decline. The study found that nursing care models, when applied with individualized planning, played a critical role in reducing functional decline among older adults. It recommends the integration of self-care–focused, nurse-led interventions into standard practice and education, and encourages further research across diverse settings and populations to strengthen and expand the evidence base.

First Advisor

Michael Justin S. Valles, RN, MAN

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