Date of Completion

2024

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science

Keywords

Escherichia coli, Piper betle root essential oil extract, Staphylococcus aureus, Steam Distillation Extraction

Abstract

Bacterial infections in the Philippines, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, present significant health challenges due to increasing antibiotic resistance stemming from improper antibiotic use. This study investigates the antibacterial activity of Piper betle essential oil against these pathogens. The essential oil was extracted via steam distillation and subjected to phytochemical analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). The chemical analysis performed confirmed the presence of safrole and eigenol, both known for their antibacterial properties. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extracted essential oil was 0.003125, less effective compared to Vancomycin’s 0.0015625 against S. aureus and Ciprofloxacin’s 0.0015625 against E. coli. Additionally, the zone of inhibition for piper betle’s essential oil measured 15.67 mm for S. aureus and 13.33 mm for E. coli, significantly smaller than those of Vancomycin (26.33 mm) and Ciprofloxacin (41.00 mm), respectively. These findings suggest that although the essential oil contains notable antibacterial phytochemicals, its efficacy in inhibiting bacterial growth is considerably lower than that of standard antibiotics, and it does not show any bactericidal activities.

First Advisor

Carolina B. Capili

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